4. Agriculture. If large numbers of immigrants should go into
agriculture, it will mean one of two things, probably the second:
(a) Continuous subdivision of farms resulting in inefficient and
wasteful application of labor and smaller crops per man, although
probably larger crops per acre.
(b) Development of a class of landed proprietors on the one hand and a
landless agricultural proletariat on the other.
It is true that the great mass of unskilled labor which has come to the
United States in the last few decades has made possible the development
of many industries that have furnished an increased number of good jobs
to men of intelligence, but many who have made a close study of the
immigration problem think that despite this, unskilled labor has been
coming in altogether too large quantities. Professor Ross publishes the
following illustration:
"What a college man saw in a copper-mine in the Southwest gives in a
nutshell the logic of low wages.
"The American miners, getting $2.75 a day, are abruptly displaced
without a strike by a train-load of 500 raw Italians brought in by the
company and put to work at from $1.50 to $2 a day. For the Americans
there is nothing to do but to 'go down the road.
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