" His classical example is the neck of the giraffe, which he
supposes to be long because, for generation after generation, the
animals stretched their necks in order to get the highest leaves from
the trees.
[14] Boas, F., _Changes in Body Form of Descendants of Immigrants_,
1911.
[15] _Civilization and Climate._ By Ellsworth Huntington, Yale
University Press, 1916.
[16] _American Naturalist_, L., pp. 65-89, 144-178, Feb. and Mar., 1916.
[17] _Proc. Am. Philos. Soc._ LV, pp. 243-259, 1916.
[18] Dr. Reid is the author who has most effectively called attention to
this relation between alcohol and natural selection. Those interested
will find a full treatment in his books, _The Present Evolution of Man_,
_The Laws of Heredity_, and _The Principles of Heredity_.
[19] _Principles of Psychology_, ii, p. 543.
[20] Leon J. Cole points out that this may be due in considerable part
to less voluntary restriction of offspring on the part of those who are
often under the influence of alcohol.
[21] For a review of the statistical problems involved, see Karl
Pearson. An attempt to correct some of the misstatements made by Sir
Victor Horsley, F. R. S., F. R. C. S., and Mary D. Sturge, M. D., in
their criticisms of the Galton Laboratory Memoir: _First Study of the
Influence of Parental Alcoholism_, etc.
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