136). Unlike the
spinal nerves, the cranial nerves present great variety among themselves,
scarcely any two of them being alike in function or in their connection
with different parts of the body. Several of them have to do with the
special senses, and are for this reason very important. They connect the
brain with the different parts of the head, neck, and trunk, as follows:
1. The first pair (_olfactory_ nerves; nerves of smell; afferent) connect
with the mucous membrane of the nostrils (Fig. 136).
2. The second pair (_optic_ nerves; nerves of sight; afferent) connect
with the retina of the eyes.
3. The third, fourth, and sixth pairs (_motores oculi;_ control muscles of
the eyes; efferent) connect with the internal and external muscles of the
eyeballs (Fig. 136).
[Fig. 136]
Fig. 136--*Diagram suggesting the distribution and functions of the cranial
nerves* (Colton). See also Fig. 132.
4. The fifth pair (_trigeminal_ nerves; nerves of feeling to the face, of
taste to the front of the tongue, and of control of muscles of
mastication; afferent and efferent) connect with the skin of the face, the
mucous membrane of the mouth, the teeth, and the muscles of mastication.
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